Introduction to Solid State Chemistry

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Course Features

Course Description

This course explores the basic principles of chemistry and their application to engineering systems. It deals with the relationship between electronic structure, chemical bonding, and atomic order. It also investigates the characterization of atomic arrangements in crystalline and amorphous solids: metals, ceramics, semiconductors, and polymers (including proteins). Topics covered include organic chemistry, solution chemistry, acid-base equilibria, electrochemistry, biochemistry, chemical kinetics, diffusion, and phase diagrams. Examples are drawn from industrial practice (including the environmental impact of chemical processes), from energy generation and storage, e.g., batteries and fuel cells, and from emerging technologies, e.g., photonic and biomedical devices.

Video Lectures

 

SES # TOPICS
  Course introduction
1 Vision Statement, Administrative Details - Introduction - Taxonomy of Chemical Species - Origins of Modern Chemistry
2 Classification Schemes for the Elements - Mendeleyev and the Periodic Table - Atomic Structure
3 Rutherford Model of the Atom, Bohr Model of Hydrogen
4 Atomic Spectra of Hydrogen, Matter/Energy Interactions Involving Atomic Hydrogen
5 The Shell Model (Bohr-Sommerfeld Model) and Multi-electron Atoms - Quantum Numbers: n, l, m, s
6 De Broglie, Heisenberg, and Schrödinger - The Aufbau Principle, Pauli Exclusion Principle, and Hund's Rules - Photoelectron Spectroscopy - Average Valence Electron Energy
7 Octet Stability by Electron Transfer: Ionic Bonding - Properties of Ionic Compounds: Crystal Lattice Energy
8 Born-Haber Cycle - Octet Stability by Electron Sharing: Covalent Bonding - Lewis Structures - Hybridization
9 Electronegativity, Partial Charge, Polar Bonds and Polar Molecules - Ionic Character of Covalent Bonds, Pauling's Calculation of Heteronuclear Bond Energies
  Test 1
10 LCAO MO, Energy Level Diagrams for H2, He2, Li2 - Hybridization, Double Bonds and Triple Bonds, Paramagnetism and Diamagetism
11 The Shapes of Molecules, Electron Domain Theory, Secondary Bonding
12 Metallic Bonding, Band Theory of Solids (Heitler and London), Band Gaps in Metals, Semiconductors, and Insulators, Absorption Edge of a Semiconductor
13 Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors, Doping, Compound Semiconductors, Molten Semiconductors
14 Introduction to the Solid State, the 7 Crystal Systems, the 14 Bravais Lattices
15 Properties of Cubic Crystals: Simple Cubic, Face-centered Cubic, Body-centered Cubic, Diamond Cubic - Crystal Coordinate Systems, Miller Indices
16 Characterization of Atomic Structure: The Generation of X-rays and Moseley's Law
17 X-ray Spectra, Bragg's Law
18 X-ray Diffraction of Crystals: Diffractometry, Debye-Scherrer, Laue - Crystal Symmetry
19 Defects in Crystals: Point Defects, Line Defects, Interfacial Defects, Voids
  Test 2
20 Amorphous Solids, Glass Formation, Inorganic Glasses: Silicates
21 Engineered Glasses: Network Formers, Network Modifiers, Intermediates - Properties of Silicate Glasses - Metallic Glass 
22 Chemical Kinetics: The Rate Equation, Order of Reaction, Rate Laws for Zeroth, First, and Second Order Reactions - Temperature Dependence of Rate of Reaction
23 Diffusion: Fick's First Law and Steady-state Diffusion, Dependence of the Diffusion Coefficient on Temperature and on Atomic Arrangement
24 Fick's Second Law (FSL) and Transient-state Diffusion; Error Function Solutions to FSL
25 Solutions: Solute, Solvent, Solution, Solubility Rules, Solubility Product
26 Acids and Bases: Arrhenius, Brønsted-Lowry, and Lewis Definitions, Acid Strength and pH
27 Organic Chemistry: Basic Concepts, Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, Aromatics, Functional Groups, Alcohols and Ethers, Aldehydes and Ketones, Esters, Amines
  Test 3
28 Organic Glasses - Polymers: Synthesis by Addition Polymerization and by Condensation Polymerization
29 Structure-property Relationships in Polymers, Crystalline Polymers
30 Biochemistry: The Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
31 Protein Structure: Primary, Secondary, Tertiary; Denaturing of Proteins 
32 Ipids: Self Assembly into Bilayers - Nucleic Acids, DNA, Encoding Information for Protein Synthesis - Electrochemistry of Batteries and Fuel Cells
33 Phase Diagrams - Basic Definitions: Phase, Component, Equilibrium; One-component Phase Diagrams - Two-component Phase Diagrams: Complete Solid Solubility
34 Two-component Phase Diagrams: Limited Solid Solubility - Lever Rule
35 Wrap-up: Closing Remarks about the Course - Student Course Evaluations
  Final Exam